Acid-proof tile (acid-resistant tile) is an unglazed product that is of interest due to its high strength and resistance to acids (except for HF or hydrofluoric acid and phosphoric acid). It should be mentioned that the chemical resistance of acid-resistant tiles is better against acidic environments than alkaline environments. The color of acid-proof tiles is usually white or cream.
Acid-proof Tile and its Features:
- Appearance characteristics of acid-proof tiles
- Physical and mechanical properties of acid-proof tiles
- Chemical properties of acid-proof tiles
Acid-proof Tile and its Appearance Characteristics:
The characteristics of acid-resistant tiles include the shape of the tile, the size and thickness, and the limitations and conditions related to each of these features in acid-proof tiles are as follows:
Shape and Size of Acid-proof Tiles:
Acid-resistant tiles are usually rectangular with dimensions of 115 x 230 mm and thickness of 20 and 25 mm. There is no limit to the design and construction of acid-proof tiles with other shapes and dimensions, but it is necessary to maintain the standard features of acid-proof tiles.
Regarding the standard of dimensions of acid-resistant tiles, the maximum dimensional tolerance is reported to be 0.5%. This amount of dimensional tolerance is acceptable for tiles in the shape of rectangular cubes and regular geometry. For acid-proof ceramic tiles with irregular shapes, due to their specific geometry, the dimensional tolerance is considered to be around 2%.
Acid-proof Tile Thickness:
In acid-resistant tiles, this standard does not set a specific limit for the thickness, but its manufacturer is obliged to determine and declare the thickness of each of these acid-resistant tiles that they produce. The thickness of the acid-proof tile includes the ridges behind it.
Physical and Mechanical Features:
In acid-proof tiles, these features include density, water absorption, acid solubility, compressive strength, bending strength, surface hardness, wear resistance, resistance to thermal shocks and resistance to freezing.
Chemical Properties:
Acid-proof tiles are very resistant in contact with acidic chemicals, but the chemical resistance of this type of product is weaker against alkaline environments. This sentence does not mean that acid-resistant tiles are corroded as soon as they come into contact with alkaline environments; in other words, the acid-proof tiles used in alkaline environments will have a shorter lifespan than in acidic environments. Therefore, it is recommended to use carbon-based acid-proof tiles in alkaline environments.
Packaging and Labeling of Acid-proof Tiles (specifications):
Acid-proof tile should have appropriate packaging and the following information and specifications should be recorded on the package:
Acid-proof tile name and the manufacturer’s trademark
The expression “Made in Iran”
Referring to the number of this standard and the anti-acidity of the tile
Barcode
Sizes and thickness of acid-proof tiles
Detailed information on the number and approximate size of acid-proof tiles in each package must be written in Persian and the manufacturer is also allowed to record the information in a foreign language on the package.
The Method of Testing the Acid Resistance of Acid-proof Tiles:
Necessary Equipment:
Dryer
Accurate scale with 100 grams accuracy
Jaw crusher
Sieves of 6300 microns (6.30 mm) and 4750 microns (4.75 mm)
Electric stove
Mechanical vibrator
Desiccator
Necessary Materials:
Sulfuric acid (78% 60 B, SPgr =1.706)
Preparation of Sample:
The acid-resistant tile under test must be crushed by a jaw crusher. The granulation of crushed materials should be such that it includes the remaining materials on a sieve of 6300 microns (the coarsest grains) and the materials passed through a sieve of 4750 microns (the smallest grains).
After preparing about 1000 grams of sample with the same granulation conditions as above, it is necessary to sieve the sample for 15 minutes with the help of vibrating sieves number 3 (6300 microns) and number 4 (4750 microns). Then the remaining materials on sieve number 4 (which have passed through sieve number 3) are completely mixed and 2 samples of 50 grams of these mixed materials are taken. These samples should be dried in a dryer for half an hour at a temperature of 120 degrees Celsius.
Method:
Each of the 50 gram samples is carefully weighed at 0.01 grams and poured into the beaker along with 250 ml of sulfuric acid. Then the beaker contents are placed on an electric stove for 48 hours to slowly boil. Then the beaker contents are cooled and passed through a strainer.
Then 250 ml of water should be added to the beaker contents and after it is boiled for 10 minutes, it should be passed through the same strainer as before. This washing process should be repeated 2 times and in the next step, all beaker contents should be passed through the strainer. The strainer along with its contents are dried in a dryer at a temperature of 120C and then Placed in a desiccator to cool. The material left in the strainer is completely drained with the help of a brush and weighed with an accuracy of 0.01 grams.
The percentage of weight loss is obtained from the following formula:
L= (M1 – M2 /M1)*100
Weight loss percentage = L
Initial weight in grams = M1
Secondary weight in grams = M2
The maximum weight loss allowed is 1.5%.
Aria Sath Tehran Paint Company is ready to provide any services regarding thinner, alkyd paints, traffic paints, all types of acid resistant bricks, anti-acid mortars, tiling and ceramics.
